LA MOSCA

Raúl Martínez, crítico de cine, 11:15/04-02-2021

Cuántas  veces hemos pensado: “la realidad supera a la ficción”. Es por ello que algunas películas de terror nos horrorizan más que otras con su historia. Por muy rocambolescas que sean, hay algo dentro de nosotros que nos dice: ¿y por qué no podría ser real? Son tantos los avances que hay en la actualidad, tanta tecnología, que plantearnos esa duda es normal. Por alguna de dichas películas un servidor ha mantenido conversaciones de ese tipo con amigos que también se habían planteado lo mismo.

Antes de nada habría que explicar qué es para el cine el término “sci-fi”. Muchos consideran que se trata de ciencia ficción pero, realmente estamos hablando de “ficción científica”. No deseo entrar en debates pero para lograr entendernos digamos que es “ciencia aplicada a la evolución, consiguiendo cierta credibilidad (a pesar de ser pura ficción, claro está) gracias a experimentos o nuevas teorías “. Dicho esto Star Wars, no es sci-fi.

De esta manera las historias nos hablan de un mañana de lo más terrible, o del presente mismamente.

En cine, si miramos atrás en el tiempo existen grandes joyas literarias que fueron adaptadas; obras de Julio Verne, Mery Shelley, Edgar Allan Poe, H. G. Wells, etc., se convirtieron en títulos de grandes clásicos de la ciencia ficción: “20.000 leguas de viaje submarino”, “Doctor Jekyll y Mr, Hide” o el primer gran hito “Metrópolis”, entre otras muchas. De los años 40 a los 70 fue un género menospreciado, a nadie le gustaba la imagen de un futuro tan negro. Pero tras el estreno  de “El planeta de los simios” y 2001, una odisea en el espacio” en 1968, la sci-fi encontró prestigio e interés.

Una vez dicho esto centrémonos en una de las películas que dejaron huella tras su estreno, un remake sí, pero muy currado e innovador, en gran parte por los efectos especiales (no tienen nada que envidiar a los de hoy día), me refiero a “La mosca” de David Cronenberg.

Se estrenó el 9 de febrero de 1987. La historia trata de un científico que se utiliza a sí mismo como cobaya en la realización de un complejo experimento de tele transportación. Desde el primer momento la película causó furor entre los amantes del género. He de reconocer que está fue la primera de la saga que vi, anteriormente existía “La Mosca”, estrenada en España en 1958 y “El regreso de la mosca” en 1959, pero estoy seguro que la versión moderna me hubiera impactado de igual manera, ya que el director supo darle otro enfoque mucho más monstruoso.

De hecho, el protagonista de la cinta  de Cronenberg Jeff Goldblum le escribió una carta a Vincent Price, ya que éste aparecía en la película de 1958, diciéndole: “espero que te guste tanto como a mí me gustó la tuya”. Price le respondió: “maravillosa hasta cierto punto, creo que ha ido demasiado lejos”.

Está claro que esta versión del film es demasiado fuerte comparándola con la original, pero es eso mismo lo que la convierte en una película imprescindible para los que somos incondicionales. No solo la historia te puede hacer pensar en la evolución de la ciencia si no que los efectos especiales son geniales te hacen permanecer atento a la pantalla ya que solo imaginarse la transformación es aterrador.

Aun así quedaron escenas eliminadas, como la fusión entre un mandril y un gato. En dicha escena el experimento fracasa y el protagonista es atacado por el monstruoso ser, que es matado a batazos. Esta escena fue eliminada solo por el mero hecho de matar a un animal, aunque abominable, a golpes. No era cuestión de echarse encima a colectivos sensibles al maltrato animal, que aunque en la ficción, nunca estuvo bien visto.

Una de las sorpresas de esta película era el nombre de uno de los productores, aunque suene a chiste pero en el proyecto se encontraba nada más y nada menos que  Mel Brooks (conocidísimo por dirigir e interpretar películas cómicas) no quiso que se supiera para no restar credibilidad al proyecto. Y entre los directores se barajaron nombres como el de Tim Burton que por aquel entonces trabajaba como animador de Disney. Y para el protagonista encima de la mesa había nombres como el de Michael Keaton entre otros, el cual rechazó el papel. La verdad es que cuesta imaginarse este film con otro equipo. No hubiera salido bien. Jeff Goldblum está magistral, su aspecto físico le ayudó a meterse en el papel del hombre-mosca.

Otra de las curiosidades es el cameo del director haciendo de doctor en la escena donde Geena Davis da a luz una especie de larva gigante. La idea le vino a Cronenberg gracias a Martin Scorsese que le dijo al conocerle que más que director parecía un cirujano plástico de Beverly Hills.

Del guión cabe destacar una frase que con el paso de los años se ha convertido en un diálogo célebre del cine “soy un insecto que soñó que era humano y me encantó, pero ahora el sueño terminó y el insecto ha despertado”. Sin lugar a dudas La mosca ha mejorado con el tiempo, sabiendo conservar la esencia de la original y adaptándose a los mejores años del cine de terror y fantástico. No solo a los preadolescentes de la época nos dejó sin palabras, los tan temidos críticos que no siempre acompañan satisfactoriamente a este género se rindieron ante el film, percibiendo la película como una metáfora ante el sida y como una analogía del proceso degenerativo  (físico y psicológico) de las enfermedades terminales.

La academia le otorgó el Oscar a mejor maquillaje. Y aunque principalmente será siempre recordada por los efectos especiales, es además una tragedia llena del horror de un ser humano damnificado por la ciencia.

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